Petersburg, designed hermetically sealed rubber gas masks with glass lenses that would be combined with Zelinsky's activated charcoal filtration to create the Zelinsky Kummant mask. Emond Kummant, an engineer at the Triangle rubber factory in St. However, in 1915, Nikolay noticed how activated charcoal was used to filter liquors and implemented this idea into the gas mask. Early models of the filter used natrium lime to absorb the gas and let oxygen flow through. A chemist, Nikolay Zelinsky was tasked with creating a gas mask for the Imperial Russian army immediately. Īfter the war, radio operator and rebreather masks were made based on the Zelinsky Kummant. This was prone to damage at first, but was later protected by being hidden within the filter in subsequent redesigns. Later during the First World War, Davidovich Joseph Avalov upgraded the Zelinsky-Kummant mask by adding an additional hollow segment to the Petrogradtsky filter, which included an outlet valve. All had a cap which contained the mask itself, and all contained the same substances. There were three types of filters: Petrogratsky (rectangular), Moskovsky (tall oval) and Kazenny (shorter oval).

Rarely, grey Mining Institute facepieces have been depicted attached to red rubber hoods. The other one, called the Mining Institute or Prince of Oldenburg facepiece, had smaller glass eyepieces and had no 'finger horn'.

The Avalov facepiece had celluloid lenses and a 'finger horn' which allowed the user to insert a finger inside to wipe the lenses.

Soldier with gas mask ww1